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A.polysemy
B.homonymy
C.synonymy
D.antonymy
E.hyponymy
答案
更多“A lexeme which is related to other lexemes is related to them in sense. The subjects that have long …”相关的问题
第1题
Much of eye behavior. is so 【27】______ that we react to it only on the intuitive level. The next time you have a 【28】______ with someone who makes you feel liked, notice what he does with his eyes. 【29】______ are he looks at you more often than is usual with 【30】______ a little longer than the normal. You interpret this as a sign of a polite one 【31】______ he is interested in you as a person 【32】______ just in the topic of conversation. Probably you also feel that he is both 【33】______ and sincere.
All this has been demonstrated in elaborate 【34】______ . Subjects sit and talk in the psychologist's laboratory, 【35】______ of the fact that their eye behavior. is being 【36】______ from a one-way vision screen. In one fairly typical experiment, 【37】______ were induced to cheat while performing a task, then were 【38】______ and observed. It was found that those who had 【39】______ met the interviewer's eyes less often than was 【40】______ , an indication that "shifty eyes" to use the mystery writers' stock phrase can actually be a tip-off to an attempt to deceive or to feelings of guilt.
【21】
A．friend
B．foreigner
C．passerby
D．stranger
第2题
You can' t entirely blame men for this change in manners. The days are gone when women could be treated as the weaker sex. A whole generation of women has grown up demanding equality with men; not just equality in jobs or education, but in social attitudes. Hold a door open for some women and you're likely to get an angry lecture on treating women as inferiors, unable to open doors for themselves. Take a girl out for a meal and she'll probably insist on paying her share of the bill.
It' s no wonder, then, that men have given up some of the gestures of politeness and consideration which they used to show towards women. On the other hand, man' s politeness is perhaps slowly being replaced by true consideration for the needs and feelings of women, so that men can see women as equal human beings.
What do gentlemen now do when a lady gets on a crowded bus or train？
A．They will stand up reluctantly.
B．They will offer her their seats after a while.
C．They will pretend not to see her.
D．They will get off the bus.
第3题
Today, we are beginning to think differently. In the last few years, re search has thrown doubt on the view that innate intelligence can ever be measured and on the very nature of intelligence itself. Perhaps most important, there is considerable evidence now which shows the great influence of the environment both on achievement and intelligence. Children with poor home backgrounds not only do less well in their school work and in intelligence tests—a fact which could be explained on genetic grounds—but their performance tends to deteriorate gradually compared with that of their more fortunate classmates. Evidence like this lends support to the view that we have to distinguish between genetic intelligence and observed intelligence. Any deficiency in the appropriate genes will obviously restrict development, no matter how stimulating the environment. But we cannot observe or measure innate intelligence; whereas we can observe and measure the effects of the interaction of whatever is inherited with whatever stimulation has been received from the environment. Changes may occur in our observations or measurements, if the environment is changed. In other words, the Intelligence Quotient is not constant.
Researches over the past decade have been investigating what happens in this interaction. Work in this country has shown that parental interest and encouragement are more important than the material circumstances of the home.
Two major findings have emerged from these studies. Firstly, that the greater part of the development of observed intelligence occurs in the earliest years of life. 50 percent of measurable intelligence at age 17 is already predictable by the age of four. In other words, deprivation in the first four or five years of life can have greater consequences than any of the following twelve or so years.
Secondly, the most important factors in the environment are language and psychological aspects of the parent-child relationship. Much of the difference in measured intelligence between "privileged" and "disadvantaged" children may be due to the latter's lack of appropriate verbal stimulation and the poverty of their perceptional experiences.
These research findings have led to a revision in our understanding of the nature of intelligence. Instead of it being some largely inherited fixed power of the mind, we now sec it as a set of developed skills with which a person copes with any environment. These skills have to be learned and, indeed, the fundamental one is learning how to learn.
Which of the following might serve as a suitable title for the passage？
A．Intelligence: A Changed View
B．Intelligence and Intelligence Quotient
C．Genetic Intelligence vs Observed Intelligence
D．Innate Intelligence and Developed Skills
第4题
answer for each statement from the four choices marked A, B，C and D.
“It hurts me more than you”, and “This is for your own good.” These are the statements my mother used to make years ago when I had to learn Latin, clean my room, stay home and do homework.
That was before we entered the permissive period in education in which we decided it was all right not to push our children to achieve their best in school. The schools and the educators made it easy on us. They taught that it was all right to be parents who take a let-alone policy. We stopped making our children do homework. We gave them calculators, turned on the television, left the teaching to the teachers and went on vacation.
Now teachers, faced with children who have been developing at their own pace for the past 15 years, are realizing we’ve made a terrible mistake. One such teacher is Sharon·Klompus who says of her students—“so passive”—and wonders what happened. Nothing was demanded of them, she believes. Television, says Klompus, contributes to children’s passivity. “We’re not training kids to work any more,” says Klompus. “We’re talking about a generation of kids who’ve never been hurt or hungry. They have learned somebody will always do it for them. Instead of saying ‘go look it up’, you tell them the answer. It takes greater energy to say no to a kid.”
Yes, it does. It takes energy and it takes work. It’s time for parents to end their vacation and come back to work. It’s time to take the car away, to turn the TV off, to tell them it hurts you more than them but it’s for their own good. It’s time to start telling them no again.
1.Children are becoming more inactive in study because__________.
A.they watch TV too often
B.they have done too much homework
C.they have to fulfil too many duties
D.teachers are too strict with them
2.According to historic books, women in the Song Dynasty used paper cut as headdress.()
A.Right
B.Wrong
C.Doesn’t say
第5题
Doctors have their own special sleep problems. Residents are famously short of sleep. It is not unusual for. them to work 40 hours in a row without rest. They are not in the least worried about it, confident they can still deliver the highest quality of medical care. But an article in the Journal of the American Medical Association points out that in the morning after 24 hours of sleeplessness, a person' s motor performance is comparable to that of someone who is drunk. Curiously, surgeons who believe that operating under the influence of alcohol is grounds for sacking often don' t think twice about operating without enough sleep.
"I could tell you horror stories," says Jaya Agrawal, president of the American Medical Student Association, which runs a website for residents. Some are terrifying." I was operating after being up for over 36 hours," one writes. "I literally fell asleep standing up and nearly planted my face into the wound."
"Practically every surgical resident I know has fallen asleep at the wheel driving home from work," writes another. "I know of three who have hit parked cars. Another hit a 'Jersey gate' on the New Jersey Expressway, going 105kin/h."
"Your own patients have become the enemy," writes a third, because they are "the one thing that stands between you and a few hours of sleep."
The U.S. controls the hours of pilots and truck drivers. But until such a system is in place for doctors, patients are on their own. If you're worded about the people treating you or a loved one, you should feel free to ask how many hours of sleep they have had and if more rested staffers are available.
Sleep is a funny thing because ______.
A．the longer one sleeps, the less sound sleep he gets
B．the more sleep one gets, the more likely a stroke occurs
C．many people stick to about eight hours of sleep to stay fine
D．many people who sleep six hours a night still feel energetic in the day
第6题
ans of advertising your sale is to place an ad in the local newspaper.If you have a city and neighborhood paper, make sure you advertise in both.The ad should be large enough that it stands out.It should also include information on where the sale is located with directions, the "hot" items you're selling and the time the sale will start and end.An ad should be placed at least two days before the sale and run until the day of your event.That way people can plan their route (路线)to the sale in advance.
Sig ns are another great way to inform. your community.Post them in places where people gather, such as stores and community centers.Some businesses have a central bulletin board (布告栏), which is the best place to advertise.Other places to post are at the loc al college or university campus.This is especially helpful if your sale is happening in August or early September when students have returned to school and are looking for cheap finds.
Post signs around your neighborhood.You should also place both ads a nd direction signs, especially if you're located on a side street without a major presence.Signs will attract and direct people.Just make sure you print in bold letters and use large direction signs so people can read the information from the front seat of their car.
1.The best way of getting out the news of your garage sale is to ().
A.publish the news online
B.visit people door-to-door
C.advertise in the local newspaper
D.make phone calls to your neighbors
2.You should place an ad at least two days before the sale so that people can ().
A.get enough cash for the sale
B.compare prices of the items
C.select the items they will buy
D.decide on their route in advance
3.Why should signs be po sted in a community center？()
A.Schools are nearby
B.There are many stores
C.Students often meet there
D.More people gather there
4.What advice is given for printing the signs according to the last paragraph？()
A.Colored signs are preferred
B.Bold letters should be used
C.Large pictures should be included
D.Phone numbers should be provided
5.The best title for the passage might be ().
A.Advertising Garage Sales
B.Advanta ges of Garage Sales
C.Importance of Garage Sales
D.Printing Ads for Garage Sales
第7题
Imagine a school that expected its students to become literate(有读写能力的) without any formal instruction. Most parents would be alarmed by such an approach, which would leave their children confused and with gaps in their understanding. This however has been the philosophy on character development in many of our schools. Why is the development of character seen as somehow different from the other skills that we teach？
Of course there will always be learning by osmosis(耳濡目染)in any school, but as a teacher and primary school head I have found that a child's moral literacy is strengthened when they acquire the building blocks of good character such as consideration, courage and honor: qualities which are commonly known as virtue(美德).
I personally find that exploring a virtue over a two-week period provides a simple and effective program that allows for the creative input of both teacher and student and a chance for the virtue to embed(使融入)itself. Once a lesson on a virtue such as honesty has been completed we need to allow time for children to practice this concept just as would be the case with fractions or verbs. Allowing children to role play a situation such as making up excuses to cover a mistake can be enormously interesting, and the drama can be frozen allowing the characters to be questioned about their feelings and motives. It's also a safe way for children to experience for themselves how a lie usually goes out of control.
Our role as educators is also to look for opportunities to help our students as they attempt to strengthen their characters. When something goes wrong we guide the young person to the virtue that will prevent it from happening again. For instance, when am student thoughtlessly disturbs the calm atmosphere of the library, instead of a response such as, ""that was really disrespectful and selfish of you!"" we draw out from them the required virtue: ""When you're walking through the library, what virtues do you need to use？""
1. Which of the following is the main idea of this passage？{A; B; C}
A. Teaching morals and values has been a frequently discussed topic in the past few years.
B. The author and his staff embed virtues into lessons and school life to encourage character development in children.
C. Kids throughout the population face the same needs, the same challenges, and the same realities in their lives.
2. We can infer from the first paragraph that {A; B; C}.
A. there tends to be disagreement about what character education is
B. most parents are not satisfied with the teaching methods adopted in schools
C. the approach to character education is generally considered different from the approaches to other skills
3. The word ""philosophy"" in the first paragraph is closest in meaning to {A; B; C}.
A. study
B. subject
C. viewpoint
4. The author is a {A; B; C}.
A. teacher
B. librarian
C. reporter
5. Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the passage as a way to build character in children？{A; B; C}
A. Story readings and discussions.
B. Osmosis.
C. Taking every opportunity to teach character.
第8题
Modern-day social work deals not only with poverty and the subsequent problems, but also with the problems arising from various types of “social fear” (“social phobias”) and discrimination such as sexism, racism, and discrimination against an individual due to his age, or mental or physical disabilities. Social workers deal with the consequences of these discriminations as well as consequences that arise from sexual abuse, drug abuse, and various other problems.
Social work provides an important service to society. Individuals and families in need of help are the focus of it, and are re ferred to as clients. Social workers help clients live a productive life in their own community. In order to reach this goal, they often enlist the assistance of family members, relatives, local religious leaders, and other influential members of the community. Although institutionalization may be necessary at times, it is a temporary solution. Social workers usually serve in the front line, and reach out to the clients soon after problems occur. The goal is to help clients return to normal life in a natural setting.
1. The charity originally means to {A; B; C}.
A. help the poor that makes the rich feel good.
B. help clients return to normal life.
C. serve the whole society.
2. When does social work begin？{A; B; C}
A. around the time of the industrial revolution
B. Biblical times
C. modern time
3. Modern-day social work deals with the following problems except {A; B; C}？
A. poverty
B. racism
C. education
4. In order to help clients live a productive life, social workers can turn to the assistance of {A; B; C}.
A. government
B. family members
C. businessmen
5. Which statement about social work is NOT True？{A; B; C}
A. Social work roots from charity.
B. Social work deals not only with poverty and the subsequent problems, but also with various social fear and discrimination.
C. Social work is that the rich people want to help the poor people.
第9题
And yet, city life isn't easy．Now scientists have begun to examine how the city affects the brain, and the results are depressing．Just being in an urban environment, they have found, impairs(损害)our basic mental processes．(79) After spending a few minutes on a crowded city street, the brain is less able to hold things in memory, and suffers from reduced self-control．While it's long been recognized that city life is exhausting, this new research suggests that citied actually dull our thinking, sometimes dramatically so.
One of the main forces at work is a complete lack of nature, which is surprisingly beneficial for the brain．Studies have demonstrated, for instance, that hospital patients recover more quickly when they can see trees from their windows, and that women living in public housing are better able to focus when their apartments overlook a lawn．Even these glimpses of nature improve brain performance, it seems, because they provide a mental break from the urban life.
This research arrives just as humans cross an important milestone(里程碑)．For the first time in history, the majority of people live in cities．Instead of inhabiting wide-open spaces, we're crowded into concrete jungles, surrounded by traffic and millions of strangers．In recent years, it's become clear that such unnatural surroundings have important implications for our mental and physical health, and can powerfully alter how we think.
This research is also leading some scientists to dabble(涉足) in urban design, as they look for ways to make the city less damaging to the brain．(80) The good news is that even slight alterations, such as planting more trees in the inner city or creating urban parks with a greater variety of plants, can significantly reduce the negative side effects of city life．The mind needs nature, and even a little bit can be a big help.
Which of the following is the main idea of this passage？
A．The city inspires talented people.
B．The city hurts your brain.
C．The city has many pleasures and benefits.
D．The city seriously affects the natural balance.
第10题
阅读理解：阅读下面的短文，根据文章内容从A、B、C三个选项中选出一个最佳选项。
PPHC and Gooseneck are two organizations that do similar community work. Each has hired a new staff member to make contact with and provide services to new parents.
Elainehas accepted a job with PPHC. She has a degree in psychology but has never done this type of work before. On her first day, after showing her to her desk and introducing her tocolleagues, the director gives her a town map and a list of the names of the families she will be responsible for, and wishes her luck. After lunch, Elaine sets out to contact the families, worried about what she’ll do or say when she meets them.
Mark has a degree similar to Elaine’s, and has just been hired by Gooseneck. On his first day, he learns thathis job will consist of training for the next week. Mark spends two days going on family visits with experienced staff members, and discusses with them what they did and why. He role-plays some situations with other staff members, and gets some direct instruction from them. By the following week, when he’s on his own, he feels he has a pretty good idea of what he needs to do, and how to go about it. And he knows that his training will continue.
Which situation would you rather be in, being thrown into the thick of things with no trainingor being trained to preparefor the work you’re going to do？
1. What are PPHC and Gooseneck？ {A、B、C}
A. They are two companies that do similar business.
B. They are two organizations that do different community work.
C. They are two organizations that do similar community work.
2. Which degree does Elaine have？ {A、B、C}
A. Psychology degree.
B. Physiology degree.
C. Sociology degree.
3. Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage？ {A、B、C}
A. Elaine has done this type of community work so her organization doesn’t provide staff training.
B. Markhas a clear idea of his job after the training.
C. Mark knows his training comes to an end.
4. How is Mark trained to be prepared for his work？ {A、B、C}
A. Mark spends two days on family visits with experienced staff members and discuss with them.
B. Mark role-plays some situations with other staff members and gets some direct instruction from them.
C. Both A and B.
5. What is the main idea of the passage？ {A、B、C}
A. The importance of training.
B. Different training ways.
C. Elaine’s and Mark’s work experience.
第11题
"Our students are a pretty active bunch, but we found that they didn't【C6】______appreciate the value of what they did【C7】______the lecture hall," says Jeff Goodman, director of careers and employability at the university. "Employers are much more【C8】______than they used to be. They used to look for【C9】______and saw it as part of their job to extract the value of an applicant's skills. Now they want students to be able to explain why those skills are【C10】______to the job.
Students who sign【C11】______for the award will be expected to complete 50 hours of work experience or【C12】______work, attend four workshops on employ ability skills, take part in an intensive skills-related activity【C13】______crucially, write a summary of the skills they have gained. 【C14】______efforts will gain an Outstanding Achievement Award. Those who【C15】______best on the sports field can take the Sporting PLuS Award which fosters employer-friendly sports accomplishments.
The experience does not have to be【C16】______organised. "We're not just interested in easily identifiable skills," says Goodman. "【C17】______, one student took the lead ir dealing with a difficult landlord and so【C18】______negotiation skills. We try to make the experience relevant to individual lives.
Goodman hopes the【C19】______will enable active students to fill in any gaps in their experience and encourage their less-active【C20】______to take up activities outside their academic area of work.
【C1】
A．advisors
B．specialists
C．critics
D．employers
